The illusion, however, is also crucially dependent on the participant’s mental representation of the body. Our brain solves the conflict between the spatial location of tactile stimulation (the real hand) and the visual information regarding hand position by integrating the two forms of information and assigning it to a visually defined location 2. Simply synchronously touching the viewed rubber hand and the participants’ hidden hand causes many participants to judge the location of their hand to be displaced towards the rubber hand and to develop a sense of ownership of the rubber hand 1.Īs synchronized touch of the rubber and real hands is crucial to the illusion, the RHI is felt to strongly depend on the integration of tactile and visual information. To elicit this illusion, a rubber hand is placed in an anatomically plausible position in front of participants, while their hand is hidden from view. One influential illustration of this plasticity is provided by the well-known rubber hand illusion (RHI) 1. The mental representation of our bodies is not static but surprisingly – at least according to traditional conceptions – malleable. Taken together, these data suggest that visual images of one’s hand presented in VR influence the body schema and action performance. The effect was greatest when participants reached towards (Experiment 1) or with (Experiment 3) the displaced hand when the hand was visible during the reaching, but not when the vision of the hand was removed during the action (Experiment 2). In different experiments, participants were sometimes provided with incorrect visual feedback regarding the position of the to-be-touched hand (Experiment 1), were deprived of visual feedback regarding the position of the reaching hand when acting (Experiment 2) or reached with the hand, the apparent position of which had been manipulated (Experiment 3). Specifically, we tested whether spatial and temporal parameters of action change when participants perform a reaching movement towards the location of their virtual hand, the position of which was distorted on some trials. In a series of experiments, we used VR to assess the effects of the displacement of the virtual image of subjects’ hands on action. Recent work has shown that a sense of embodiment may be generated by virtual reality (VR). The rubber hand illusion (RHI) demonstrates that under some circumstances a fake hand can be regarded as part of one’s body the RHI and related phenomena have been used to explore the flexibility of the body schema.
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